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Software engineer by trade. Curious about technology, designs, media, people, the world.
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Vivo Time

2026-01-19 08:00:00

Launched vivotime.net, a website focused to help you make the most of your limited life, with ideas aligned with your goals.


Origin Story

During the past years I’ve been wrestling with the idea of building a website that could be:

  • Useful
  • Aligned with my views
  • Lean: debloated both in terms of experience, but also behind the scenes
  • Low Maintenance: minimally dependent on outside sources of information

Turns out that ticking all boxes proved to be incredibly hard, but somewhere around 2025 I noticed how hard it was to come up with good ideas of how to use my free time to the fullest. Turns out that even though there were tons of exciting things to do in the world, not all were aligned with my ideals.

On the other hand, time here on Earth is very limited, and in between busy lives and distractions, opportunities, time and energy pass in an instant. We’ve been given a beautiful gift, and we should honour it.

Hence the idea to build vivotime.net. It shows you, without any sugar coating, how much life time you are predicted to have left, and then according to your goals, it suggests a series of meaningful ideas that you can allocate and manage for the time you have left. That’s it.

Tech

Vivotime.net was implemented using Laravel, Livewire, picoCSS and a sqlite database. Stripe is used for processing payments. I’ve tried to make it as lean as possible. No need for an overpowered MySQL database, or using tailwind, react, vue, or any other (default) technology du jour that would not serve the site’s purposes.

Docker is used to containerize the website, including the nginx web server. Deploying the website is as easy as running a bash script, and setting up the dev environment is likewise a script execution away. Pure bliss.

There is something beautiful about keeping things contained to their essence, with nothing more, nothing less than what is required.

As a result of having only a few moving parts, maintaining the website has been a breeze.

A Note about AI

I’ve liberally used Copilot, most of the time with Opus 4.5. There is no way I could have finished this website in such a short (hourly) time span, considering that I’ve worked on it sporadically during some free hours on weekends or after a busy work day.

There is something to be said about coding on these limited time slots, something that I would have found much more challenging before LLMs, given that I would have needed continuous large time blocks just to get all context, system designs and best practices loaded into my head. AI makes the warm up process much easier, and of course, it is a powerful code machine that can produce high quality code, if directed correctly.

How it works

Vivo Time was built to be simple and to do a limited set of things, but do them right.

Step 1: Find how much time you have left

First, you need to introduce your year of birth, and optionally your sex, health status, relationship status, if you have children or not, and your occupation. These are used to provide an increasingly accurate estimation of how much time you might have left, and to provide you with relevant objective suggestions (for example, if you already have children, the “Start a Family” objective will not be presented).


Moreover, if you do not want the above information to be saved and associated to your account, you can enable this privacy setting in your account settings:


Step 2: Allocate objectives

Then you are presented with a list of objective suggestions, which you can allocate or hide from the list. Each allocated objective decreases the amount of useful time left.


Step 3: Manage objectives

Afterwards you can manage your objectives by changing their allocation or visibility status, and you can also search for more specific objectives you have in mind.


That’s it! Let me know your thoughts about it!

Boston, NYC, Washington DC Guide

2026-01-18 08:00:00

Almost two years after visiting New York City, I’ve come back to NYC and its two neighbouring cities: Boston and Washington DC.

Again, I’ve asked several people about their perspective of these cities, which helped immensely when planning out my itinerary. Let’s pay it forward: here is my guide / personal perspective of Boston, Washington DC and (more) New York.

Moving between cities

Boston and Washington DC are roughly 4 hours away by bus or train.

I’ve made NYC my homebase, and opted to take the bus (FlixBus) between cities and they were very reliable and arrived always before the stated time. These cities are connected by non-stop highways which make the course more reliable and smooth.

Trains (Amtrak) are generally faster, but be aware that delays due to freight train interference are a known issue, and ticket prices are higher, when compared to bus.

Boston

Freedom trail

Boston was the epicenter of some of the most impactful American historical events, and the home of several historical figures, such as Benjamin Franklin, John Adams and John Hancock, to name a few.

The Freedom Trail (map) exposes you to this rich history, and connects 16 locations significant to the history of the United States via a 2.5-mile-long (4.0 km) path throughout Boston, which you can walk at your own leisure, and can be completed in single day.

The path is quite popular in the city, but if you are struggling to find it, look for the denser lines of tourists walking in the city. Likely they will be following the red brick lane that you just need to follow.

The Donkey and the Elephant

Ever wondered why a donkey is used to represent the Democratic party, and an elephant the Republican party?

It is thought the Republican elephant was first used like this by an Illinois newspaper during Abraham Lincoln’s 1860 election campaign - perhaps as a symbol of strength, although it is still debated.

It was then made popular after a man called Thomas Nast - who was a Republican - drew it in a cartoon in a magazine in 1874.

As for the origins of the Democratic donkey, they hark back to the presidential campaign of 1828, a re-match between Andrew Jackson and the incumbent John Quincy Adams. Opponents of Jackson labeled him a “jackass” for his populist beliefs and campaign slogan “let the people rule”. More entertained than provoked by the moniker, Jackson decided to incorporate the strong willed animal into his campaign posters and went on to defeat Adams, becoming America’s first Democratic President

Again, Thomas Nast later used the cartoon animal to represent the Democrats and it became a popular symbol for the party by the end of the 19th century.

MIT

For many years I’ve been yearning to visit MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) to better understand the energy and environment from where multiple outstanding breakthroughs and alumni came from.

The campus was built with “serendipity” as a principle, to encourage productive accidents which occur when people exchange ideas with no specific agenda but end up inspiring each other.

Most of the campus is open to the public, allowing for a very enjoyable exploration of its spaces.

Great Dome

This is one of the most distinguishable features of the entire campus, which is also a prized location for “hacks”, such as the placement of fire truck upon its top.

You can catch a glimpse of the internal part of the dome by going all the way up to the Barker Library reading room, which has a convenient elevator that you can take right from the main hall.

Kendal Band

The Kendall Station “T” subway station right next to MIT has a wonderful interactive sound sculpture which consists of three interactive instruments that are played using handles located on both the inbound and outbound subway platform walls.


Stata Center

You’ll immediately notice how daring and almost fantastic this building looks like. Academic celebrities such as Noam Chomsky, Ron Rivest, and World Wide Web Consortium founder Tim Berners-Lee have offices in the building, apart from multiple other facilities and departments.

West Campus

To the west, you can find Stratton Student Center; the Briggs Field which serves as the home field for the MIT softball program, in addition to the recreation field beyond the outfield fence that is used by over 80 club and intramural programs; and Simmons Hall (aka honeycomb) which serves as a student hall.

Harvard Bridge

One of the best ways to reach MIT via Harvard Bridge, where you can get appealing views of center Boston and MIT. The bridge is 364.4 smoots long. If you look at the ground, you’ll see how far you’ve progressed across the bridge, in this revolutionary measure.

Cambridge

Harvard University

You can reach Harvard University by simply doing a 30 minute walk from MIT. The proximity between these two powerhouses was something that struck me, and I didn’t realise until that point.

The main campus is open to the public, where you can check its magnificent buildings and surroundings.

Harvard Museum of Natural History

I’ve lost count of the amount of dinosaur fossils and attractive rocks, crystals and gemstones. Make sure to allocate a few hours to appreciate a good part of the collection.

Sanders Theatre

As I was making my way toward the Harvard Museum of Natural History, I stumbled upon an imponent building and wondered what it was. Once I entered through one of the open doors, I was in awe. I had entered the Memorial Hall, in which a concert at the Sanders Theatre was about to start. The inside of the building was stunning and reminded me of the Great Hall in Harry Potter.

TheFacebook birthplace

Room H33 in Kirkland House at Harvard University was where Mark Zuckerberg developed “TheFacebook” (now Facebook) in 2004 before dropping out to focus on the burgeoning platform. For obvious reasons, you cannot visit the room itself, but it was still interesting to visit this location and understand its environment.

Other notable places

Cheers - The Bull & Finch Pub

The Bull & Finch Pub was the model for Cheers, a wildly popular American television sitcom. When the show was being conceptualized, Tom Kershaw, the pub’s owner, agreed to allow the show’s production team to shoot exterior and interior photos, charging $1. Kershaw has since gone on to make millions of dollars, licensing the pub’s image and selling a variety of Cheers memorabilia.

Naval Shipyard

One of the Liberty Trail paths will take you to the Navy Yard, where there is more to discover other than the USS Constitution and its museum. It offers a beautiful view of Boston, is the home of the Massachusetts Korean War Veterans Memorial and familiar animal statues like the ones you can see outside the World Trade Center.

Italian Corner

The italian corner in Boston, not only houses a wealth of quality restaurants and pastry shops, but also the angelic St. Leonard’s Church, one of the oldest churches built by Italian immigrants in the United States.

The New England Holocaust Memorial

The memorial is composed of six glass towers towering well over 50-feet on a black granite path in a grassy area. The towers symbolize the six major concentration camps, steam often rises from openings beneath the towers representing the smoke from crematoriums.

RH Boston

This luxury home furnishings store is housed in the previous historic museum of natural history, and is striking to observe at night. I just happened to stumble upon it while I was walking around and it was already closed by that time, but this would be one of my go to places to visit if I come back to Boston.

Food

There are two things one must try in Boston:

  • Anything seafood related: Boston sits right next to the shore and receives a steady supply of fresh sea produce. I suggest getting:
    • New England Clam Chowder: almost any place at Quincy Market is amazing. Be sure to have it in a bread bowl.
    • Lobster Roll: grab one at James Hook & Co, they are well worth it.
  • Cannolis at Mike’s Pastry or Modern Pastry:
    • From these, I recommend Mike’s Pastry, which has its main location in Boston, but there is also another one in Cambridge. Expect long queues in the Boston location at any time. I’ve tried both of the locations, and quality is essentially the same. Don’t overdo it though, each cannoli is massive.

While in Cambridge, be sure to also go to Joe’s Pizza. Same delicious slices as you would have in New York, with less hassle.

Community spirit

If I had to summarise Boston to a single word, it would be “community”.

While going through Walter Isaacson’s Benjamin Franklin: An American Life, it became apparent to me how fundamental was for Franklin to be involved in Boston’s community, not only for what he received, but also for what he gifted. His birthplace was on the same street of the Old South Meeting House, so no way could have escaped.

Notice also how many meeting houses, state houses, halls, religious congregations and halls exist in the Freedom Trail alone. This, paired with the many past confrontations with Great Britain, seemed to create a tight group of people that strived and leaned on each other.

With this, comes the service to the community and its legacy, which is nicely rendered in this phrase from Kevin Hagan White, previous mayor of Boston:

We can erect thousands of building thousands of buildings and put down miles of concrete, but unless the next generation can say that Boston is better place to live, we will have achieved nothing

New York City

I’ve covered the majority of my favorite NYC places in this post, but here is always something more to explore.

MoMA

I recommend starting on the upper floor and then work your way down. It dawned on me closer to the museum’s closing time that the top floors had much well known art pieces than I imagined, so I ended up rushing through many of them. The upside was that I spent more time absorbing other less known pieces, which I found inspirational and fresh.

Being Human

The piece that most struck me was “Being Human”, not so much for its content, but for its form. The piece is set up in a room which has a large semi transparent panel where a movie is being projected. As I was sitting on one side of the room to see the movie, at key parts of the movie the entire back room lights up, revealing the sculptures and paintings. That was unexpectedly surprising as I sat there not only to watch the movie, but to rest from the 100km+ I’ve accumulated up until that point1.

The main thing I found inspiring about that piece was how it was filmed. It wasn’t an “in your face” headshot, it wasn’t a typical documentary interview, but instead the main protagonist was talking about fundamental ideas as he walked, shaved, talked with his family over the phone, while travelling in a bus, or just dancing. That was so refreshing, especially when I mostly consume (and produce) YouTube content, where the format is a very “like, subscribe, thumbs up” kind of thing. This inspired me to look at the small videos I produce in a different way, and ever since I’ve been experimenting with some new shots and ways to convey my message. In the end, it is a labor of love, and I think there is value in adding beauty to the world.

Ruth Asawa: A Retrospective

I took some time to go through this exhibition, where I’ve mostly enjoyed the explorations around the negative space and the abstract mimicking of natural structures. This temporary exhibit will be available until February 7th, so you are still on time to check it out.

Governors Island

Instead of getting into an expensive, overcrowded tour of the Statue of Liberty, walk a few meters east from that ferry at Battery Park, and get a $5 ferryboat trip to Governors Island instead. The trip is beautiful, the island can be walked easily and has some interesting houses, and you’ll actually get a good view of the Statue of Liberty from there.



Lincoln Opera House

Remember to activate subtitles by pressing the button in front of you. I didn’t realize this on the first part, so needed my colleagues from another aisle to explain me what is was all about, for me to catch up

Exchange Place

This is where you can get one of the best views, if not the best land level view of New York. Then get a ferry ride back to Manhattan for extra premium views (this part I did not do, since I was running out of time, but I was advised by a local that it’s a must).

Summit Vanderbilt

I didn’t try any formal observation decks the last time I visited New York, so this time I had to do one. I’ve picked Summit Vanderbilt, which is a pretty good experience, not only because of impressive views of iconic NYC landmarks, but also due to the different indoor experiences and mesmerizing light effects it offers.

Other notes

The best Tiramisu in town

I got this hint from a colleague, and it is spot on. If you are looking for the best Tiramisu in NYC, look no more, just head to Piccola Cucina, where they serve you a freshly made Tiramisu that is assembled right in front of you, and it is delicious.

Salt Bae Steak Restaurant

Right in front of MoMA sits the Nusr-Et Steakhouse, owned by exuberant Nusret Gökçe, the Salt Bae.

Giant Louis Vuitton bag

Fashion brand Louis Vuitton has concealed its under-renovation New York flagship store with a luggage facade, and it looks surreal. When I first glanced at it, it felt like it was placed there via augmented reality.

Washington DC

I visited on a curious time: the government was shut down, so all main museums were closed, and a “No Kings” rally was held on the same day I arrived, so some of the main attractions were fenced and there was a heightened police and secret agent presence. Still, I thoroughly enjoyed my time there, and if anything, would want to go back to visit all the incredible museums I missed.

Capitol

As you exit Union Station, Washington DC’s main station, the first view that hits you is the Capitol, the seat of the United States Congress, the legislative branch of the federal government. While walking around DC’s main attractions along the National Mall, the Capitol is a permanent sight.

Jefferson Memorial

Make sure to not miss this emblematic memorial, which is not only incredibly beautiful inside, with the towering statue of Thomas Jefferson and his quotes, but also outside, as you walk towards it along the Tidal Basin.

The quote I most appreciated was:

I am not an advocate for frequent changes in laws and constitutions, but laws and institutions must go hand in hand with the progress of the human mind. As that becomes more developed, more enlightened, as new discoveries are made, new truths discovered and manners and opinions change, with the change of circumstances, institutions must advance also to keep pace with the times. We might as well require a man to wear still the coat which fitted him when a boy as civilized society to remain ever under the regimen of their barbarous ancestors.

Lincoln Memorial

This was one of my most long awaited memorials, and has been in imaginary for several decades, but apparently I was not the only one, because this was one of the most crowded attractions. Adding to that, to accommodate visitors during the upcoming elevator replacement, contractors built a very large temporary switchback ramp in front of the memorial’s plaza, so it felt like entering into a monument under construction. This is an attraction that I hope to come back to sometime later when this work is completed, to better savour it.

White House

As it is expected, you can only have a limited view of the official residence and workplace of the president of the United States (currently, Donald Trump), but after seeing, hearing and reading about it countless times, it felt great to see it with my own eyes.

National Mall

The National Mall is a landscaped park that sits right at the center of all main attractions in DC, a charming place to walk about. Along the way I’ve encountered several branches of folks on their way to join the “No Kings” manifestation.

Martin Luther King Memorial

This was the memorial that most struck me in terms of symbolism. It was smartly built.

Notice that on the side of Mr. King’s statue there is an inscription that reads “Out of the mountain of despair, a stone of hope”. Then notice that behind the statue there is a rock formation from where the statue’s “stone” was clearly symbolically extracted from. Beautiful.

FDR Memorial

The large memorial for Franklin Delano Roosevelt has four outdoor “rooms”, representing his four terms, all of them sprinkled with many of his insightful quotes.

World War II Memorial

The most striking portion of this memorial were the bas-reliefs consisting of 24 separate panels. The 12 on the north depict the Atlantic front; the 12 on the south depict the Pacific front. All of them are neatly connected, telling a story that is worth diving into.

Arlington Cemetery

The most striking aspect of this military cemetery is how large, exquisit and well kept it is.

Tomb of the Unknown Soldier

This is a monument in the middle of the Arlington Cemetery dedicated to unidentified U.S. service members from World War I, World War II, and the Korean War.

After the periodic change of guard that me and the small crowd were watching in total silence, the chatter in this small crowd started growing after the ceremony had ended. With this, the guard in duty shouts assertively to the crowd to respect this space and maintain silence. The crowd quieted down immediately. That moment reflected what the entire cemetery transpired: an immense respect and dignification of the ones that served that country and gave their lives during their service.

Marine Corps Memorial

Again, another emblematic memorial, which is not as easy to reach as DC’s main attractions, but worth the visit.

Georgetown

In the northwest quadrant of DC sits Georgetown, a beautiful area that feels like a transplantation of a piece of Europe into DC. In fact, it predates D.C. itself.

Georgetown University

Keeping up with the theme of visiting university campus, this one was also interesting to visit, with building buildings and hidden places like a nice terrace near a coffee shop, a good place to relax after a long walk.

I’ve noticed several “Hoya Saxa” references. In case you are wondering, it is generally translated as “what rocks!”, and is the official cheer and “college yell” of Georgetown University and its athletics teams.

The Exorcist Steps

You might have noticed the header image of this article is again me on a flight of stairs. What’s up with that?

I thought it would be fun to keep up with the theme of emblematic staircases, last time being the “Joker steps” in the Bronx, so this time I’ve visited the stairs where Father Damien Karras fell down in 1973’s film The Exorcist.


Waterfront

Beautiful, relaxing space to relax and appreciate the view of the Potomac river.

Kennedy Center

The concert started with the orchestra playing the USA’s National anthem, Star-Spangled Banner. All rose to hear it, and the spectacle moved me. This was one of the last days I was spending in the USA, and after experiencing so much from this culture that highly fascinates me, this was a cathartic moment. I came to know right after this that some deeper political motives were behind this recent inclusion of the anthem pre-concert, but still I found it moving how much its citizens esteem their nation.

The concert itself was “An Evening of Beethoven”. It was the best classical music concert I’ve even seen, and I’m not saying this to sound highbrowed or anything. It was genuinely incredible.

There had been a sudden replacement of the original conductor, Christoph Eschenbach, due to illness, by the young Emmanuel Tjeknavorian, who was completely on fire, and propagated that energy towards into the orquestra and the audience. The sheer energy and emotion that the conductor transpired was incredible. Never experienced anything like that in such a context. If you are around the area and can catch the show, you should.

Watergate Hotel

Remember the Watergate scandal, a political scandal in the United States involving the administration of President Richard Nixon? Well, the complex where a group associated with Nixon’s 1972 re-election campaign were caught burglarizing and planting listening devices in the Democratic National Committee headquarters, is just a stone’s throw away from the Kennedy Center.

Other notes

Community spirit and legacy

If I had to summarise Washington DC in a single word, it would be “legacy”.

Incredible achievements of the past won’t guarantee a prosperous future, and it is up for current and next generations to keep nurturing the gifts from ancestors, by continuing their work, remembering their deeds and honoring good ideals.

The “test of time” many times comes down to a generation’s choice to keep past stories and memories alive, or not. The meticulously preserved Arlignton cemetery, the zero tolerance for noise and chatter at the “Tomb of the Unknown Soldier”, the fact that a Freedom Trail actually exists, the tiny USA flags that “someone” tend to on Boston’s cemeteries, the free monuments and museums available for all, the highlighted “freedom is not free” message at the Korean War Veterans Memorial. All of these send a strong message that the past glories are dependent on their maintenance and elevation.

The gifts

There was also space for gifts offered by other nation states, and the ones that stuck most to me were:

  • the Japanese Lantern located next to the Tidal Basin, among the cherry trees first planted in 1912, which lighted during the annual National Cherry Blossom Festival.
  • and the large Netherlands Carillon. Throughout the day, the carillon automatically plays the Westminster Quarters. On significant days of the year in Dutch and American culture, it plays automated concerts, and from June to August, the director-carillonist Edward Nassor hosts a concert series whereby visiting carillonists perform weekly concerts on the instrument.

Extra notes

The people

Along the way I’ve met and had interesting conversations with some very generous and interesting people, be it in the queue to Mike’s Pastry, at Joe’s Pizza, in the airplane, at Kennedy Center. They were incredibly friendly and I’m thankful that we crossed paths.

It’s my birthday: Stop and Wave

Someone got a lot of attention at Harvard’s Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology :)

Halloween

It was near Halloween at the time of these travels, so I got to observe some of the fantastic work of local residents.

Wait

When I arrived in Boston, the first thing I needed to do was to cross a sidewalk. I pressed the button to request the cross, and heard the emblematic “Wait!”. I thought that was pretty amusing. I feel like this could make a great sample to insert in a trance music.

Fun fact, these are notoriously hackable, and last year the audio on these crosswalks were changed to mimic Elon Musk and Mark Zuckerberg.


Legacy

The most common themes stuck to me were legacy and lore.

A great example of this is Washington DC. At its core, I see it as a condensation of the story and values of the USA. What it means to be an American. There is real power behind the culture and soft influence that the USA transmits externally and inland.2

Even if a nation sports an incredibly past, it will only survive if every new generation maintains that legacy and iterates upon it, as Kevin Hagan White alluded to. The tiny American flags placed in the historical Boston cemeteries, the exemplary maintenance of the Arlington cemetery, Boston’s freedom trail, Boston’s Bunk Hill that was erected with the money from the community, the free DC museums, the USA cultural exports, and so on and so forth. All of these keep the American story and lore alive.

  1. Over the span of 9 days, I walked a total of 188km (20km + 42km + 4km + 11km + 9km + 5km + 38km + 36km + 23km), where parts of these I was transporting a 10kg backpack. It was quite a workout

  2. Although there are signs that the USA might be starting to lose its cultural influence with the accumulation of serious problems, ideology clashes and hostility towards allied countries.

The Joy of Walking

2025-11-16 08:00:00

See the video version of this article here

I really like to walk. Let me tell you why.

How it started

Eight years ago I injured my knee. The following 2 months I could hardly walk 10 meters. It took me 6 arduous months to fully recover. Even though I had done several types of physical activities up until that injury, like surfing, biking, rock climbing, running, etc, the only capability I wanted to regain was walking, nothing else.

Walking to the grocery store. Walking to the subway without having to rely on elevators and ways to avoid stairs1. Walking around the city. Walking to work. Walking in nature. This made me realise how important it is to have this ability, for the freedom, independence and health benefits it provides.

Recovery

Progressively I’ve improved. 10 meters turned into 100 meters. 100 meters to 1km. 1km to 5km. 5km to 10km. 10km to 20km. I vividly remember all of these milestones, and every time I surpassed one, I was rejoiced. The more I walked, the more I recovered.

I’ve made a pact with myself during this journey that I would do everything under my control to not lose this ability again.

Simplify. Focus.

All those sports I did before? Scrapped. I was asked if I missed running, surfing and all those sports. I do, but no way am I going to risk injuring my knee again for some short term gratification.

This simplified my life greatly.

  • No more of “What am I going to do today for sports?”. The answer is easy: walk
  • No more dispersing of my energies within several different disciplines, only to be mediocre on most of them.

Walking was the only option, which led me to discover a whole world of depth that was not immediately apparent. It gave me immense focus and showed me how powerful it can be.

Benefits

Consistency

Ever since I recovered, I’ve started doing at least one long walk every week. No matter if I’m abroad, on vacation, if it’s raining, scorching heat or I’m feeling under the weather. I will find a way to walk somewhere, somehow. This has become a deeply entrenched habit and a part of my identity.

Turns out that the most difficult thing about maintaining a good exercise routine, is actually maintaining that routine. I need to walk, so that’s sorted.

Health

A natural consequence is its positive effect on health.

For the past 5 years I’ve been employed as a software engineer, meaning that I tend to spend a lot of time in front of a computer. Exercise2 for such a “butt in the chair” kind of job is not only crucial for maintaining my health, but also gives me the fortitude to consistently perform in a demanding high stakes environment.

Relationships

Since walking became an unconditional and non-negotiable part of my life, soon I’ve started inviting friends to join me.

I realized how powerful it was to go for a walk and just have a chat. The quality, depth and focus of conversations surpassed any other I’ve had through other means. I love deep conversations, so this was a balsam.

I’ve then made several friends during these walks, and created stronger bonds with the ones I already had. This beats by a mile the type of interactions in places like pubs.

Giving back

Turns out that London has an incredibly active walking and hiking scene. I first discovered this when searching for ways to get to Seven Sisters, and found a wealth of walking groups that not only did this walk, but also others around London. “I’m in heaven”, I thought.

After attending several of these organized hikes I’ve realized: why not organize them myself?

I’ve then picked some of the routes I enjoyed the most and prepared them by mapping them out and repeating them several times. Soon I started organizing walks in my company (at one point, more than 40 people joined), in my local urbanization, with groups of friends. Gratifying experiences, with all the benefits of shifting away from consuming into producing.

Learning

I’ve lost count of how many audiobooks and podcasts I’ve finished while walking. Listening to these in peaceful places like somewhere in the woods, is an experience I thoroughly enjoy. Several places where I’ve walked tend to be associated with memorable sections of audio contents that struck me the most.

Discovery

Walking is one of the best ways to explore a city or surroundings. Even if it takes longer than other means.

Within reason, it is essential for me to walk around in any new city or place I visit, to absorb the environment, the vibes, the random sentences. It gives me time to decide which places I want to explore further, since I’m not tethered to any external transport mechanisms. This explains why I ended up walking 180km in New York in 4 days.

Same for my local surroundings. In case I don’t have better ideas, my default activity is to get out of my house, pick a direction, and then start walking towards it. The mapy.com app is pretty good in these situations3, since it has an impressive coverage of all possible paths, even the most remote places imaginable.

I’ve discovered several gems hidden in plain sight just by doing this. This also helps fight my natural tendency to take local surroundings as granted, ending up knowing more about foreign places rather than my own.

Reflection and Ideation

Walking helps not only getting acquainted with the external world, but also with my internal world. It is my favorite way to think long and hard about problems and strategies, hence why I used long walks at length when thinking about ideas for Survival Ball’s game levels and dynamics.

I don’t think I’m alone here. Charles Dickens for example, was known to be a prodigious walker, who was estimated to walk about 19km per day. He did so because walking time was thinking time, or perhaps more accurately dreaming time. I understand that. This becomes ever more important in today’s world, where we are constantly flooded with information and stimuli. Walking is grounding.

Physical joy4 and good biodynamics

There is a physical component of walking that makes it deeply enjoyable. I don’t know what it is for sure, but likely it is related with our evolution.

Two years ago I found another layer of enjoyment: barefoot walking. Or at least, barefoot shoe walking, when I tried my first pair of Vivos. I was hooked from the first time I tried them.

The connection with the ground, especially when walking around nature, and how it felt in my body, is something that I have expressiveness limitations on how to describe. You need to try out for yourself.

Evolution made us prodigious walkers

And it makes sense right? It’s been relatively recent in our human history that shoes started being widely used. My father still tells me stories of how good it felt to just go around barefoot in the fields, while taking care of the land.

Yes, hard city floors are also novel, and it helps having something in our feet to diminish their impact on us, but still, our feet have natural shock absorbers (the tips of our feet), and having some minimal padding by barefoot shoes plus the immediate feedback will make you more aware of your stride, forcing you to adapt your walking technique.

Trainer crutches

Mainstream trainers go too far by having too much support, too much padding, too much. That comes at a price, because our body then needs to adapt to whatever structure the shoe manufacturer chose. It makes our bodies crooked by unsettling the balance we were designed for, and shifts more work to muscles, joints and bones that are not made for such loads, while other structures get lazier and underused. These shoes also have little space for our toes, leaving them crooked and warped, in the name of a toebox style that was originally meant to distinguish wealthy classes from peasants, since peasants could not afford to have their feet crammed into small little shoe coffins when doing hard physical labour.

Wellness by being well shod

I can tell you from personal experience that my biodynamics are for sure better. I’ve only used barefoot shoes for these past two years, be it walking around, at work, or even weddings. I just can’t stand wearing other types of shoes at this point. I’ve never walked so much in my life, and still feel nowhere near the pains I felt before in my hips, knees and other parts of the body. Pure bliss.

Of course, years from now things might change, but that is not the direction of travel I see. I feel much better walking with barefoot shoes than otherwise.

Go out and walk

The main message is: go out there and enjoy one the greatest gifts you have been given, and walk to your heart’s desire.5

I was pleasantly surprised by how many people took walking as their main activity during COVID, but once that faded away, many went back to their old ways. Don’t wait for the next crisis to remember the gifts you’ve been given. Use them while you can.


  1. Driving with a manual clutch was a challenge. Every bump, stair and incline was a pain, which made me value accessible sidewalks and transports.

  2. Due to another incident (a story for another time), I also have an (almost) daily upper body exercise routine that keeps me more holistically balanced, even though walking and hiking tend to work my entire body

  3. Alltrails is also an interesting app for discovery, since it offers several user-made paths for you to browse, but it is more clunky than happy. I use alltrails mostly to track existing paths and have a record of them, since it’s trail coverage is inferior when compared to mapy.com

  4. Wondering why the header picture’s walker and scenary look that way they do? Think happy trees and happy clouds.

  5. Unfortunately, many people suffer conditions that debilitate or completely negate their ability to walk. Some things are just outside our control, and we cannot do anything about them, but if you can (still) walk, do it.

Why is my kitchen so clean?

2025-09-16 08:00:00

If you had a video call with me, if you happened to see my videos, or if you visited my flat, odds are that a question came up to your mind. The same question that I’ve been asked at least 8 times (and counting) over these past years: “How do you keep your kitchen so clean?” With a possible follow up of “Do you even cook?” or “Have you just moved in?”, amongst others.


I’m of the opinion that once you get asked multiple times the same question, then it’s time to document it and have it available for the next person.

It’s time to address it.

Behind the scenes

This is how my kitchen stand looks on an average work day. I didn’t prop it up for the picture.

In case you are wondering, the container in the center is soaking buckwheat groats, which after a day of soaking I grind, mix condiments and sometimes small vegetables, put in the oven, resulting in a delicious loaf of buckwheat bread that I use as a replacement for bread. I highly recommend it.

That should answer the question that yes, I do cook.

Why

There are 3 reasons why my kitchen looks virtually the same, every time.

  1. I like to have my environment organized and free of clutter and distractions. I’ve had a long, conscious effort to reduce clutter and inconsequential distractions from my life, stemming from an experience that I might write about in a later day.
    • The positive ramifications of consistently living and being surrounded by an environment and stimulus of objects that really matter, are more than I could ever describe in words.
    • It’s a small present for my future self: when I cook, do something in the kitchen, or at home, I have a deeply ingrained habit of sorting and cleaning everything out before moving to the next thing. That way, my full energy can be allocated and focused towards a single place.
    • This goes beyond the physical realm. On both my personal and work laptop it is rare to have more than 3 browser windows open, each one often having less than 10 tabs. Whenever those numbers temporarily increase, I document their state, close them down, and arrive at a clean state again. Essentially using documentation as a checkpoint mechanism
    • There are other examples of this. In case you follow Tech ingredients, you’ll notice that their laboratory and space is quite neat, regardless of the outstanding breadth of experiments done in the channel. I found it amusing that some years ago they were once asked by some viewers “how do they keep their lab so clean”, to which the main presenter replied that “we are not hiding anything, we just take care to tidy and store the components we are not working on” (paraphrased).
  2. The rest of the utensils are away from camera sight. When I am having a meeting or sharing my thoughts via video, I want to get things done and not have my mind occupied with non-consequential thoughts such as “Oh, my background looks a bit a messy. That piece looks out place. I wonder how that looks for someone else”, nor do I want to distract my interlocutors with something irrelevant in the background. There are video filters which blur out the background, but I don’t like the way they look, not do I want to have yet another moving component in my workflow that might (or might not) work. If my background is relatively the same and neutral, then I don’t have to worry about it, and can focus my energies on the the things that really matter.
  3. Apart from my weekly buckwheat bread, I only cook at weekends, since I am fortunate enough to often cook for pleasure, rather than necessity. The rest of the week I either get to have my meals at the office, or through Planty, a plant based clean food subscription.

Produce more than you consume

2025-07-27 08:00:00


Dangers of over-consumption

One’s life can very easily be wasted away on non-consequential, “time passing”, filler, short-term hedonistic experiences.

It’s a blessing to enjoy life’s little pleasures, but it’s perilous to lead a life consisting of only discrete pleasures and experiences that are not, or cannot be chained together in any way shape or form. Essentially, a life spent as a passive spectator through and through, observing the years scroll by.

That feels like an egregious squandering of the most precious gift we’ve been given: life. Chaining experiences together and compounding them into a product that amounts to much more than the sum of its parts is one of the most intriguing, addicting, but most of all, rewarding parts of life.

Benefits of production

Building up years of study to land to land a job that takes one out of poverty, raising a child into a full grown adult, building relationships consciously into heartwarming friendships or a loving family, writing a book or article that not only helps oneself but also many others, building a successful company based on years of networking and experiences.

They require considerable amounts of deliberate actions where different experiences are aggregated, chained and combined in novel ways that add value to a system. Value is produced.

Best of all, society rewards you for that! If something you produced is deemed to be of value and (directly or indirectly) consumed by a fellow human being, you can get compensated in currency, recognition, access, friendship, amongst others. As the products of your labor expand and compound, an even more interesting non-trivial effect starts to happen that could not have been predicted in the first place. Personally, both articles and a presentation I did resulted in interesting job offers that I didn’t plan for, nor could I have predicted.

But it’s not easy

Discipline, self reflection and the hard work to plan and aggregate different actions and experiences, are the most important ingredients to consistently produce value.

If this would be easy, everyone would be doing it by default. That’s why self help books are such a profitable business. This difficulty stems from our inherited hardwired behaviours that optimize towards immediate gratification, which served our late ancestors to such success that these traits got selected and filtered through the ages as an essential part of our species.

However, in the context of our modern societies where resources and entertainment are abundant, these traits backfire and when left to their own devices, can easily stray one into a life of misery and value bankruptcy1.

The antidote. Self-discipline workout.

Just like any other muscle in our body, self-discipline requires consistent and intentional work to stay strong, but relying solely on will power, a scarce and fleeting resource, is often not enough. In order to protect this precious resource, one can set up an environment to block out frivolous distractions and non-consequential instant gratifications. In my case, I don’t have video streaming subscriptions (since I’ve come to realise that most series and movies add little to no value to my life), I have blocked distracting websites and videogames on my computer and expelled junk and sugary foods from home2.

Remember, any time spent in over-indulging consumption, is time not spent producing value.

Instead, create the habit of self reflection and journalling, organize events (at work, with your friends or loved ones), write articles and publish videos that can be seen and judged by others (like this article), welcome accountability and reposability, clean your room. These actions are very likely accessible to you now, at (close to) zero cost. 3

Replace non-consequential consumption with fruitful production. Start anywhere, start now.


  1. Drug abuse, over-eating, alcohol abuse, gambling, over-indulging, instantaneous and inconsequential sexual gratification are some examples of how one’s life could be filled with perceived pleasures that when summed together amount to close to nothing.

  2. This is done via the Cold Turkey app, a mac app that I fully recommend, where a long phrase needs to be written before I can unlock these features, which helps me give pause and stop from mindless content consumption.

  3. Extremes touch. Leading a life or pure restrictions where there is no space for exploration of new experiences that at the time don’t serve a higher purpose is not advisable, since there will be no raw material to draw from when producing. But given that it is much harder to go from pure consumption to a healthy balance rather than from a pure production starting point, it is best to target over-producing and then re-balance.

Napoleon Biography: Takeaways

2025-07-20 08:00:00

I’ve recently finished reading Napoleon: A Life, a well researched book by Andrew Roberts about the full and well travelled life of Napoleon Bonaparte, his rises and falls, and glimpses of what made the famous soldier-statesman tick. These are my main takeaways:

Leadership

Spirit de Corps

  • “A general’s principle talent consists in knowing the mentality of the soldier and in winning his confidence. And, in these two respects, the French soldier is more difficult to lead than any other. He is not a machine to be put in motion but a reasonable being that must be directed”’ - Napoleon
  • “More battles are lost by loss of hope than loss of blood” - Napoleon
  • “It is astonishing what power words have over men” - Napoleon, speaking of the 32 demi brigade, who had his words “I was tranquil, the brave 32nd demibrigade was there” embroidered in large gold letters on its colours, which further increased their courage
  • Napoleon found it essential to keep his troops moral high, which he actioned upon in different ways:
    • Napoleon was known to give electrifying pep talks (harangues) before battles
      • “One must speak to the soul. It’s the only way to electrify the men” - Napoleon
    • Napoleon had a strong sense of identification of soldier with his regiment’s corps
    • Ordered for plays and songs to be held for the troops, gave medals, made sure there was pride his platoons
    • Upon receiving petitions from his men (such as on the subject of increasing their pensions), he would act on them immediately
    • Napoleon held small gestures like removing a medal of honor from him and giving it to a soldier that he observed a particularly valiant behaviour
    • He joked around with troops, reminiscing on war stories with veterans. He would make sure to share his wine with the sentries. He was accessible. Small things perhaps, but helped build morale and breed devotion.
    • Napoleon references to the ancient world made their troops see that they were part of a larger whole, a larger part of history. Their lives, and if it comes to it, their deaths, mattered.
    • Napoleon told his troops how much their family and neighbours would honour their valiant behaviour

Leadership style

  • “[A leader’s] youth is almost indispensable in commanding an army” - Napoleon
  • Napoleon was first frowned upon by his peers when being given control of the army of Italy, near to his marriage with Josephine. They were not impressed by him showing unimpressive pictures of his wife, and his small stature. But as soon as he started talking about operations, logistics, asking for info and laying out the plan, they immediately saw Napoleon “grow”. Competence and diligence, above appearances.
  • Napoleon’s planning and concentration of forces were crucial to his consecutive battle victories
  • It was an intense environment, but his staff generally admired him. He was polite, and would forgive small mistakes
  • “Fear and uncertainty accelerate the fall of empires: they are a thousand times more fatal than the dangers and losses of an ill-fated war” - Napoleon
  • Julius Caesar once faced a mutiny that forced him to draw back. Caesar allowed them to be released, but addressed them as mere civilians, rather than soldiers. He won them back with this gesture. Like Julius Caesar, Napoleon was sure to admonish the troops that were under expectations.
  • To his troops Napoleon was lavish in praise, but to his family, ambassadors and ministers he was acerbic. Severe to his officers, kind to the men.
  • Napoleon instructed officers to hold 4 to 8 hour reviews, where the group, weapons and drills were inspected. It made soldiers used to being ready and weaponed, and showed them that their leader was attentive and cared about them.
  • “You don’t need wit during times of war. You need to be precise, display backbone and simplicity” - Napoleon to Jerome, who he placed as king of Westphalia

Leading masses

  • “The masses should be directed without them being aware of it”. Napoleon to Fouché
  • When Napoleon centralized power and appointed the prefects, the regime was turned into a meritocratic system, where officials would be promoted according to their performance. They would need to provide statistical data and annual tours of their departments, and Napoleon made sure they were properly trained.
  • “The men who have changed the world never succeeded by winning over the powerful, but always by stirring the masses. The first method is a resort to intrigue and only brings limited results. The latter is the course of genius and changes the face of the world.” - Napoleon on St Helena
  • Napoleon mentioned that a nation is always what you had wit to make of it. Triumph of faction, parties, divisions, was the fault of those in authority only. No people are bad under a good government, just as troops are bad under good generals. As such, Napoleon mentioned the directory men brought France down to the level of their own blundering and were degrading her, and she was beginning to repudiate them
  • After a decade of revolution, many French men were desperate for leadership, and recognized that the parliamentary process inhibited that, as did a constitution that was next to impossible to amend. So they were willing to see their representative government to be temporarily suspended, an opening that Napoleon took advantage of.
  • “Confidence from below, authority from above”- Bonapartist dictum
  • “Chouannerie and the émigrés are skin diseases, terrorism an internal malady” - Napoleon
  • “If you treat the mob / rabble with kindness, these creatures fancy themselves invulnerable. If you hang a few, they get tired of the game, and they become submissive and humble as they ought to be” - Napoleon when defending Place de la Concorde

Governing

  • States are ever more vulnerable as when they are attempting to reform themselves
  • Upon unification of law codes in France, Napoleon recurrently asked: “is it fair? Is it useful?”
    • “One should not overburden with over-detailed laws. Law must do nothing but impose a general principle. It would be vain if one were to try every possible situation.” - Napoleon
  • Because of labor shortages caused by constant war, wages increased by 25% during his 15 year rule.
  • High inflation brings forth the opportunity for having a newcomer governing, because people are desperate for solutions, and will reward anyone who brings forth a solution. As seen with the arrival of Bonaparte to France in 1799, where inflation was high (price of bread was astronomical, but directors were immune since they paid themselves a salary linked to the value of 30k pounds of wheat). Bonaparte was seen as being a good top down zealot autocratic solution that placed a constitution with strong executive power with central control.
  • Napoleon’s marriage to Marie Louise, the daughter of the Austrian leader Francis, was strategic. For some time it coerced the Austrian leader to not join the Prussians and Russians, which would reduce Napoleon’s chances for a victory

Central command and control

  • “Nothing is so important in war, than undivided command” - Napoleon
  • Dangers of overbearing concentration of power with a single point of failure:
    • His controlling nature likely stifled initiative. Several of his leads were only good in his presence, but without him present, they would falter. Dupont was one of them
    • The allies successful strategy was to only attack Napoleon’s lieutenants, but avoid confrontations with Napoleon himself. Napoleon, by not scaling himself properly, caused this situation where only where he was present could the army thrive. Everywhere else, it got defeated. A big lesson.
    • Choosing the right people is crucial:
      • Some of the biggest blunders Napoleon made were about the placement of people in the wrong positions. Like Ney on a big battalion, sul on a more administrative position, and another one as war minister when he should be in the battle of Waterloo. It’s very important to play to people’s strengths
      • Like Julius Caesar, Napoleon was betrayed and placed in bad position by people who previously wronged him but he didn’t persecute, like Talleyrand and Fouché, who were openly planning a cue against Napoleon’s empire and negotiating peace terms in 1814.
    • During the Russian campaign, he was regularly lied to by his senior officers, since no one wanted to be Napoleon’s line of fire. There is an example of a deception that involved 3 of them, one of them being Murat. Napoleon was once very close to his men, but in this campaign, where he needed their support the most, he was often lied to. For example on the number of provisions available for men, 10 days were communicated, when they were close to none.

Leanness

  • Napoleon’s core system allowed him to be quick and flexible, living off the land instead of relying on vulnerable supply lines. This flexibility allowed it to outmaneuver the enemy and exploit its slowness.
    • This leanness is comparable to what fast moving startups do to adapt to new challenges, by reorganizing their organization quickly and effectively, allowing it to change course very quickly, and concentrate power of the crucial aspects of the business
    • As a contemporary counter-example, Kmart was not able to move fast and adapt, leading to its bankruptcy after Wallmart innovated with a store logistics network design that made it much more efficient. Kmart needed to have change fast and efficiently for that to happen, but instead just kept doing the same, with mostly superficial changes like barcode scanners that were did not yield the same impact because it did not have an evolved network to leverage them

Behaviour

Energy. Urgency. Moving fast.

  • His father died at 38 when Napoleon was 15 years old. Napoleon’s urgency, drive and boundless energy might be partly explained by that, in that he foreseen that his life too, would be short.
  • Napoleon was energetic and injected immediate energy wherever he went. Everything around Napoleon happened at a tremendous pace. He hated wasting a minute in a day. Napoleon read newspapers or had texts read to him while he was in a hot bath, being shaved, or in the carriage with his wife Josephine.
    • “If you want to dine well, dine with Cambacérès. If you want to dine badly, dine with Lebrun. If you want to dine quickly, dine with me” - Napoleon to a general
      • Napoleon often took only 10 minutes to eat, except for family suppers on Sundays, where he might spend half an hour.
      • Everything in his palace revolved around work. He dined when he could.
      • He never drank spirits, and there are no examples of him being drunk.
    • Napoleon also didn’t take the time in his love making: “the matter was over within 3 minutes”
  • “If you make war, wage with energy and severity. It’s only means of making it shorter and less deplorable for mankind” - Napoleon
  • “Impatience” is the word that appears when other people portray Napoleon
  • In the beginning, he moved fast with his armies because he didn’t have resources to do sieges. That need led to rapid movement that caught the enemy off balance. He did have many problems just having his men fed and shod:
    • He had a consistent concern to have his men well shod, such that he ordered Prussians to exchange their boots with the french, since they would not be needing then anyway
    • He sent multiple letters requesting for supplies, specially footwear for soldiers
      • He likely didn’t say that an army marches on his stomach, but surely knew that they marched on their feet
      • He had a chief of staff writing his dictations that was crucial. He transposed his rapid fires and raw wishes into well defined, polite and diplomatic plans and commands. He was so proficient that he managed to convince his wife to share a chateau with his mistress, and vice versa.
  • “Energy, energy!” - Napoleon to his brother, who he made king and found to lack energy and drive
  • “Activite, activite, vitesse. Je me recommended a Vous” (translated to “activity, activity, speed. I’m counting on you”) - Napoleon postscript of a message to his lieutenant

Preparation

  • Napoleon would take care to know the terrain, topology and other details of the places he would fight or invade. Before the Russian campaign, he ordered for very detailed descriptions to be made of the territory. Everything from road length to depth of river. Every possible detail.
  • He was more keen to glean information directly from the place, rather than hear its dignitaries’ speeches. As an example, he once left a dignitary haranguing to the air as Napoleon moved to his next destination.

Seizing the opportunity

  • “Winning is not enough if one doesn’t take advantage of success.” - Napoleon
  • “All great events hang by a single thread. The clever man takes advantage of everything, neglects nothing that may give him some added opportunity; the less clever man, by neglecting one thing, sometimes misses everything.” - Napoleon
  • “I’ve destroyed the Austrian army simply by marches” - Napoleon
  • There is immense value in initiative and making sure your advantage is not lost and you don’t need to cross the same bridge twice. After the defeat in Russia, the army’s weak position exposed Napoleon to allied assaults, forcing him to lose territories. When trying to get them back, the allies used the tactics previously used by Napoleon against the allies, making them work against him. If Napoleon would have kept those territories and army, then he wouldn’t have needed to be in this very tough spot.
    • As a learning, do a decisive victory, and don’t take it for granted and leave it to chance. Keep your advantage, stay lean, don’t allow bloat to creep into the organization, don’t get too comfortable in a high stakes environment. Past performance gains don’t mean you’ll get the same results in the future, using the same strategy and tactics.
    • Napoleon also made the mistake of not keeping his forces concentrated, contradicting his own war maxims, and allowed for lesser political concerns to take over, like focusing on taking over Berlin to punish Prussia which was of low strategic value
    • The corp system that Napoleon introduced was replicated, and his tactics were exploited and studied by enemies, losing one of his main leverages.

Taking risks. Decisiveness.

  • “If the art of war was only the art of not risking anything, glory would be prey to mediocrity. We need a full triumph!” - Napoleon
  • ”(…) If one is not ready to take risks when the time is ripe, one ends up doing nothing” - Napoleon on Waterloo
  • “When the house is crumbling, is it time to busy oneself in the garden? A change here is indispensable” - Napoleon to Mamond
  • “There is no immortality but the memory that is left in the minds of men. To have lived without glory, without leaving a trace of existence, is not to have lived at all.” - Napoleon

Persist, don’t drop the ball

  • “The first qualification of a soldier is fortitude under fatigue and privation. Courage is only the second; hardship, poverty and want, are the best schools for a soldier.” - Napoleon war maxim
  • “A general-in-chief should ask himself frequently during the day: What should I do if the enemy’s army appears now in my front, or on my right, or my left? If he has any difficulty in answering these questions, his position is bad, and he should seek to remedy it.” - Napoleon war maxim
  • “I have never been seduced by prosperity; adversity shall find me superior to its blows” - Napoleon
  • “Posterity would never have seen the measure of your spirit, if it had not seen it in misfortune” - Napoleon
  • “True heroism consists of being superior to the ills of life, in whatever shape the may challenge to the combat” - Napoleon (1815)

Continuous improvement

  • He was not embarrassed by his initial little knowledge he had about the details of general administration. He asked many questions, asked for the definition and meaning of the most common words, he provoked discussion, and kept it going until his opinion was formed
    • “Sometimes in these discussions I have said things that a quarter of an hour later I have found to be all wrong. I have no wish to pass for being worth more than I really am” - Napoleon
    • “He brought to the discussions a clarity, a precision, a strength of reason and range of views that astonished us” - consulate about Napoleon
    • He quickly taught himself to ask short questions that demanded direct answers like “How far along are we with the Arc of Triumph?” or “Will I walk on the Seine bridge upon my return?”
    • Napoleon allowed strong discussions to be held in the counsel because he believed to be the strongest debater in the whole conseil. He allowed himself to be attacked because he knew how to defend himself.
    • Napoleon liked to talk in a familiar way, was fond of discussions but didn’t impose his opinions, and made no pretension of superiority, either of intelligence or rank.

Over ambition

  • “One must never ask of fortune more than she can grant” - Napoleon on Saint Helena
  • One needs to know when to stop. Know when you’ve reached your peak, stop, and maintain your position (which is incredibly hard by itself):
    • Relying on fortune is a risky endeavour. Napoleon was lucky several times. Once you are lucky too many times, you might come under the impression that fortune is on your side. But the more times you roll the dice, the higher the chances that you’ll get a disastrous result
    • His dream to be like Julius Caesar or Alexander the Great blinded him, as was seen in his pursuits in Egypt, that he was fascinated there because Alexander the Great was there. Different times, different factors come into play.
  • Napoleon could have held his empire at its peak, and only he could bring it down. He had an army to fight off the Russians at the border, and could have French limited territorial expansion. The downfall was self-inflicted.
    • Invading Spain was a blunder. He should have kept her as an allie, to avoid France being surrounded on three fronts.
    • Napoleon had the entire Europe at his control. Instead of a Russian invasion, he could have held the borders and defended them as needed. Even if he had to abdicate some territories, he should have stopped there, and tried to make peace with Spain and Britain, and end the continental blockade.
    • When the Russian invasion was failing, Napoleon should have backtracked from going to Moscow. It was greedy to expect that Alexander I, Emperor of Russia, would accept peace.
    • As the empire was on its decline, Napoleon was given the opportunity to sue for peace by Metternich, by losing Warsaw and other territories, but would still hold Italy and avoid further battles and men being killed, and having France’s borders reduced to even less than was proposed in this offer.
  • As a consequence of the empire’s defeats in Russia and Leipzig, and subsequent invasion of France:
    • The patriotic republican anthems (that Napoleon had previously banned) no longer worked. The French surrendered without a fight. With a town surrendering to a single horseman for example.
    • “Public opinion is a mysterious and invisible power, to which everything must yield. There is nothing more fickle, more vague, or more powerful; yet capricious as it is, it is nevertheless much more often true, reasonable, and just, than we imagine” - Napoleon, upon the allied invasion to France

Complacency

  • Upon the Russian invasion, the empire’s army structure seemed to show several signs of complacency:
    • When invading Russia, one of the generals brought a personal chef, fancy clothes, Napoleon HQ had 50 carriages carried by 650 horses, had a multi national army ordered by his step son to lead an important maneuver that should have been done by an experienced general. Because it was such a big army, the Russians did not want to counterattack, leading Napoleon to stretch his supply lines. This compromised speed and leanness (which was a crucial piece of Napoleon’s war tactics), having an immense cost to sustain this vast army.

Perception. Deception.

  • Data manipulation:
    • It’s a principle of war that you should over-inflate the communicated number of available units, and this practice got so out of control that Napoleon snapped at a poem sincerely lauding him for defeating armies thrice his size, which was actually true since he only 30 thousand units. The problem was that it did not align with his inflated battle reports where he communicated to have a 300 thousand unit army.
    • He would pepper his troops addresses with statistics and their achievements.
  • “We must speak to the eyes” - Napoleon on luxuries, in its imperial days
  • “My health is very good” - repeated at exhaustion by Napoleon on his closing remarks, even when his health was not the best.
  • “Truth is so precious that it deserves to be protected by bodyguards of lies” - Churchill
  • “The historian, like the orator, must persuade. He must convince.” - Napoleon
  • On the day of the Coup of 18 Brumaire, there was an extraordinarily early meeting that the objecting elders didn’t know about where highly consequential decisions were made in the presence of elders that were believed to not compromise the coup. Extraordinarily “extraordinary” early meetings are one of the oldest tricks in politics.

Religion and War

Religion

  • “Wishing to be an atheist does not make you one” - Napoleon
  • “If I had to choose a religion, the sun as the universal giver of life would be my god.” - Napoleon
  • “In religion I do not see the mystery of the Incarnation, but the mystery of the social order. It associates with Heaven an idea of equality that keeps rich men from being massacred by the poor…Society is impossible without inequality, inequality intolerable without a code of morality, and a code of morality unacceptable without religion.” - Napoleon on the social value of religion
    • Napoleon viewed the idea of god to be useful to maintain good order, to keep men in the path of virtue and to keep them from crime. To robbers and galley slaves physical restrictions to be imposed. To enlightened people, moral ones.
  • Napoleon believed the major problem with Christianity was that it did not excite courage, since it took too much care to go to heaven, and that christianity and its promises of afterlife detract men from this life, diminishing its practical value.
  • Napoleon mentioned that no man is considered just and virtuous if he doesn’t know where he came and where he is going. Simple reason cannot guide them in this matter. Without religion, one continuously walks in darkness.
  • “We should not deprive the poor merely because they are poor, of that which consoles their poverty. Religion is a kind of vaccination which, by satisfying our love for the marvelous, keeps out of the hands of charlatans and conjurers.” - Napoleon, about priests charging more than 6 francs per funerals
  • “Fighting is a soldier’s religion; I never changed that. The other is the affair of women and priests. As for me, I always adopt the religion of the country I am in.” - Napoleon
  • “The various modes of worship which prevailed in the Roman world were all considered by the people as equally true; by the philosopher as equally false; and by the magistrate as equally useful.” - Edward Gibbon

Cruelties of war

  • “To cannon, all men are equal” - Napoleon
  • In the battle of Borodino in Russia near Moscow, the combined killed and wounded were equivalent to a fully laden jumbo jet crashing into a 6 square miles area every 5 minutes, during the 10 hours of the battle.
  • Ahmed Jezzar, also known as “The Butcher”, was known for his cruel punishments, such as nailing horse shoes in the feet of enemies. At the same time, Ahmed also enjoyed doing origami for his guests.
  • Half a million men were lost by France after the Russian war, and Russia had 200k killed and about 300k wounded.

The Person

Who was Napoleon

  • Napoleon as a name was not common at the time, but not unheard of.
  • Napoleon was protective and concerned about his family. His siblings went on to be kings, nobles and leaders appointed by him, which several times proved to be unfruitful.
  • His mothers’ father was the governor of Ajaccio, and his father Carlo was close to Pasquale Paoli, who fought for the independence of Córsega.
  • Napoleon attended the royal nursery, because his father applied to be noble and sat on the royal assembly.
  • Napoleon was well read and voracious reader of biographies and history. At age 9, he apparently read the 800-page La Nouvelle Héloïse, a novel about love and redemption, and said ‘It turned my head.’
  • Napoleon had a disdain for human rights, free press, equal outcome, and parliamentarism. He was favorable towards central power, order, education and military values.
  • Napoleon took a leave from the military to resolve the debts from his father that threatened to bankrupt his mother.
  • Nomenclature was important for Napoleon, and renamed several places. For example, Place Louis XV to Place de la Concorde.
  • Focus on the important things: Napoleon was excellent at prioritization, dealing immediately with urgent matters
  • In times of difficulty, he was a master of his nerves. He had immense self control, he trained himself to not let his emotions betray themselves. This was seen at the time as a classical virtue
  • Towards his later years, Napoleon was more lethargic and less performant, likely because of ailments like hemorrhoids that likely were the reason for him to not ride horseback in Waterloo. He had a potbelly at that point, was overweight, and was less energetic, and didn’t have many proper nights sleep.
  • In Kalinengrad, he joked that he had found a new element: earth, wind, fire, earth, water and, mud
  • “The soul wears out the body” - Napoleon

Relationships

  • “Love is the occupation of the idle man, the amusement of a busy one, and the shipwreck of a sovereign.” - Napoleon, after Désirée rejected him.
  • “A soldier must remain faithful to his wife, but must only think to return to her when there is nothing else to do” - Napoleon
  • “The prettiest women are the hardest to make love to” - Napoleon on the way to Saint Helena
  • “The French are like women: you must stay away from them for too long” - Napoleon, after the retreat from Russia.
  • The only letters he did not dictate were the ones to his wife and mistresses, and when he needed to sign a document.
  • Napoleon was ruthless. He divorced Josephine because he didn’t have a male heir yet, and no sons. And he didn’t want to fall into a situation like Caesar or Alexander the Great, where upon their death, everything descended into chaos. It was the best for his dynasty, and for France, in his view
    • Napoleon divorced from Josphine, who received 2 million francs per year, two properties, and was allowed to keep the title of empress. “She wept, but she took”
    • Although it was a grandson from Josephine that would become the next emperor of France, and her direct descendents today sit on the thrones of several countries. Napoleon’s, held none.
  • A friend of Josephine was known to have slept with so many ministers that she was considered government property.
  • Josephine only disclosed her debts when she had Napoleon’s ring around her finger.
  • Napoleon’s relationships were brittle. When Napoleon started to fall and France was invaded, Marie Louise (his wife at the time) seemed to be in denial, only worried about futile matters and etiquette, in an attempt to drown out the earthquake outside, and the clash between Napoleon and her father (the leader of Austria). Also, Joseph, Napoleon’s brother, was wooing her, and eventually she had relations with another man later on.
    • Talleyrand, previously Napoleon’s foreign minister, sent a letter to Alexander from Russia saying that Napoleon’s Paris defenses were weak, which was a decisive piece of information that led to the last kneel of Napoleon’s defenses. Talleyrand had already proved to not be trustworthy by Napoleon, yet no decisive reprimand at the time was made by Napoleon.