2026-03-11 22:44:32
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Since 2010, real household incomes have risen significantly across the U.S., with some states seeing gains of more than 40%.
Montana leads the nation with a 42.9% increase in real median household income over the period, followed by Tennessee and Kansas.
This map shows how much incomes have grown in every U.S. state from 2010 to 2024, based on data from the U.S. Census Bureau.
Montana has seen one of the biggest income turnarounds in America. In 2010, the state ranked seventh-lowest in median household income, but today it sits closer to the middle of the national rankings.
Over that period, real median household income climbed 42.9%, from $57,320 to $81,920.
| Rank | State | Median Income 2010 | Median Income 2024 |
Change 2010-2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Montana | $57,320 | $81,920 | 42.9% |
| 2 | Tennessee | $53,580 | $75,860 | 41.6% |
| 3 | Kansas | $63,950 | $87,690 | 37.1% |
| 4 | Maine | $66,550 | $90,730 | 36.3% |
| 5 | Massachusetts | $84,610 | $113,900 | 34.6% |
| 6 | California | $75,370 | $100,600 | 33.5% |
| 7 | South Carolina | $57,900 | $76,780 | 32.6% |
| 8 | District of Columbia | $79,050 | $104,800 | 32.6% |
| 9 | Georgia | $61,260 | $81,210 | 32.6% |
| 10 | Utah | $78,730 | $104,000 | 32.1% |
| 11 | Arizona | $65,120 | $84,700 | 30.1% |
| 12 | Rhode Island | $71,680 | $92,290 | 28.8% |
| 13 | Oregon | $70,260 | $89,700 | 27.7% |
| 14 | Colorado | $83,640 | $106,500 | 27.3% |
| 15 | Minnesota | $72,650 | $92,350 | 27.1% |
| 16 | South Dakota | $62,970 | $79,850 | 26.8% |
| 17 | Ohio | $63,710 | $80,520 | 26.4% |
| 18 | New York | $69,120 | $86,830 | 25.6% |
| 19 | Iowa | $68,060 | $85,480 | 25.6% |
| 20 | Washington | $77,980 | $97,500 | 25.0% |
| 21 | Idaho | $65,330 | $81,650 | 25.0% |
| 22 | North Dakota | $70,820 | $88,080 | 24.4% |
| 23 | Texas | $65,630 | $81,490 | 24.2% |
| 24 | Michigan | $64,260 | $79,460 | 23.7% |
| 25 | Florida | $61,190 | $75,630 | 23.6% |
| 26 | Missouri | $63,620 | $78,390 | 23.2% |
| 27 | Maryland | $89,150 | $109,700 | 23.1% |
| 28 | Arkansas | $53,580 | $64,840 | 21.0% |
| 29 | New Hampshire | $92,520 | $111,800 | 20.8% |
| 30 | Indiana | $64,070 | $76,710 | 19.7% |
| 31 | Illinois | $70,440 | $84,210 | 19.5% |
| 32 | Pennsylvania | $67,090 | $80,060 | 19.3% |
| 33 | Hawaii | $82,670 | $98,240 | 18.8% |
| 34 | New Jersey | $87,430 | $103,500 | 18.4% |
| 35 | Nebraska | $72,900 | $86,140 | 18.2% |
| 36 | Wisconsin | $69,910 | $82,560 | 18.1% |
| 37 | Virginia | $83,820 | $97,720 | 16.6% |
| 38 | Alabama | $56,840 | $65,560 | 15.3% |
| 39 | Alaska | $80,320 | $91,260 | 13.6% |
| 40 | Kentucky | $57,070 | $64,790 | 13.5% |
| 41 | Nevada | $71,090 | $80,590 | 13.4% |
| 42 | Delaware | $76,670 | $85,860 | 12.0% |
| 43 | Louisiana | $54,570 | $60,740 | 11.3% |
| 44 | North Carolina | $60,860 | $67,220 | 10.5% |
| 45 | Vermont | $77,660 | $85,260 | 9.8% |
| 46 | Oklahoma | $59,850 | $65,310 | 9.1% |
| 47 | Wyoming | $72,480 | $78,680 | 8.6% |
| 48 | Connecticut | $91,640 | $99,240 | 8.3% |
| 49 | West Virginia | $59,400 | $63,150 | 6.3% |
| 50 | Mississippi | $52,990 | $55,980 | 5.6% |
| 51 | New Mexico | $62,670 | $64,140 | 2.3% |
Several factors have contributed to the surge of real incomes in Montana, including growth in the tech sector, an expanding tourism industry, and tight labor markets driven by an aging population.
Tennessee and Kansas follow next in line, each seeing wage gains exceeding 37%.
Back in 2010, Tennessee had the second-lowest median income of $53,580. Today, it stands above Florida, jumping nine spots to reach $75,860. In Kansas, meanwhile, median incomes are higher than in New York, at $87,690.
Ranking in fifth is Massachusetts, with incomes rising 34.6% to reach $113,900, the highest nationwide.
Looking over to large state economies, California (33.5%) outpaced New York (25.6%) and Texas (24.2%), likely driven by its concentration of tech workers. Florida, driven largely by services and tourism, saw 23.6% growth—slightly above the national average of 22.4%.
Many of the states with the slowest income growth since 2010 are concentrated in the South, though laggards appear across several regions.
Mississippi (5.6%) and West Virginia (6.3%) saw some of the weakest gains in real median household income over the period, while Oklahoma (9.1%) and Louisiana (11.3%) also recorded relatively modest increases.
Outside the region, New Mexico posted the smallest rise nationwide at just 2.3%.
For many reasons, the geography of income growth in America has been quietly reshaped. As migration, demographics, and economic activity shift, how much Americans earn may increasingly depend on where they live.
To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on the average salary by state in 2025.
2026-03-11 20:06:24
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This visualization ranks the world’s largest economies from 1980 to 2025, comparing entire countries alongside major U.S. state economies.
The results highlight the enormous scale of the American economy. California alone now ranks as the world’s fourth-largest economy, ahead of countries like Japan.
Meanwhile, Texas and New York also rank among the world’s top 15 economies, reflecting the concentration of industries like technology, finance, and energy across America.
The data for this visualization comes from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. It compares nominal GDP in current U.S. dollars, with U.S. state GDP figures for 2025 annualized based on Q3 estimates.
The data highlights the economic scale of major U.S. states. California appears among the world’s largest economies as early as the 1980s and remains a consistent top contender.
| Rank | Country/state | 2025 GDP | % Change (since 1980) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
 United States |
$30.6T | 955% |
| 2 |
 China |
$19.4T | 6,282% |
| 3 |
 Germany |
$5.0T | 483% |
| 4 |
California |
$4.3T | 1,227% |
| 5 |
 Japan |
$4.3T | 291% |
| 6 |
 India |
$4.1T | 2,104% |
| 7 |
 United Kingdom |
$4.0T | 561% |
| 8 |
 France |
$3.4T | 389% |
| 9 |
Texas |
$2.9T | 1,315% |
| 10 |
 Italy |
$2.5T | 421% |
| 11 |
 Russia |
$2.5T | — |
| 12 |
New York |
$2.5T | 964% |
| 13 |
 Canada |
$2.3T | 733% |
| 14 |
 Brazil |
$2.3T | 1,475% |
| 15 |
 Spain |
$1.9T | 723% |
| 16 |
 Mexico |
$1.9T | 685% |
| 17 |
 South Korea |
$1.9T | 2,779% |
| 18 |
Florida |
$1.9T | 1782% |
| 19 |
 Australia |
$1.8T | 1,004% |
| 20 |
 Türkiye |
$1.6T | 1,549% |
California ranks among the top five economies globally. Texas and New York also appear regularly among the world’s largest economies.
This reflects the sheer size of the U.S. domestic market and the concentration of industries such as technology, finance, and energy in specific states.
One of the most significant trends over the period is China’s rapid economic ascent.
In 1990, China ranked 13th globally. Today it is the world’s second-largest economy.
This shift reflected decades of industrial expansion, export growth, and urbanization following China’s economic reforms.
Over time, the composition of the world’s largest economies has gradually diversified. In the 1980s, most of the top economies were advanced Western nations.
Since then, emerging markets such as China and India have climbed steadily up the rankings. Meanwhile, new economic players—including South Korea and Indonesia—have entered the global top tier.
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out How Wealthy Are the Top 1% in Each Major Economy? on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
2026-03-11 00:50:13
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The world produced roughly 106 million barrels of oil per day in 2025, according to estimates from the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA).
Just two regions dominate global supply. North America and the Middle East together produce nearly 60% of the world’s oil, underscoring their outsized influence on energy markets.
This graphic breaks down global oil production by region in 2025, based on EIA data.
The table below breaks down global oil production by region, including crude oil and other liquid fuels.
| Region | Crude Oil and Other Liquid Fuels (Million Barrels Per Day 2025) |
Global Share |
|---|---|---|
| North America | 31.8 | 29.9% |
| Middle East | 31.0 | 29.1% |
| Eurasia (Russia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan) | 13.6 | 12.8% |
| Asia-Pacific | 9.4 | 8.9% |
| Central & South America | 8.9 | 8.4% |
| Africa | 7.6 | 7.2% |
| Europe | 4.0 | 3.7% |
| Global Total | 106.3 | 100.0% |
North America is the world’s largest oil-producing region, accounting for 29.9% of global output in 2025, averaging 31.8 million barrels per day.
Much of this supply is driven by the U.S., where oil production reached record highs in 2025. Output has more than doubled over the past two decades, largely due to the expansion of shale drilling. Canada also hit record levels, producing 5.0 million barrels per day in December 2025.
The Middle East is the second-largest oil-producing region, generating 31 million barrels per day in 2025.
Saudi Arabia remains the region’s largest producer at 9.6 million barrels per day. However, the country saw its active oil rig count fall to a 20-year low in 2025, as energy investment increasingly shifts toward natural gas production. By 2030, natural gas production is set to expand 60%.
Iran produced 3.1 million barrels per day in 2025, still below its peak of 4.0 million in 2007.
Even so, the Middle East remains a dominant force in global oil markets. In 2025, it produced more crude oil than Africa, Europe, Central and South America, and Asia-Pacific combined.
The Strait of Hormuz remains one of the world’s most important oil chokepoints, handling roughly 20% of global petroleum trade.
While only 7% of U.S. crude exports pass through the corridor, Asian economies depend heavily on these shipments, accounting for nearly 90% of flows through the strait. To protect against supply disruptions, many countries maintain strategic petroleum reserves.
Members of the International Energy Agency, including European importers, Japan, and South Korea, must hold reserves equal to at least 90 days of net imports. Meanwhile, China has built some of the world’s largest stockpiles.
In short, the global oil market depends on a small number of regions—and a few critical trade routes—while strategic stockpiles help guard against supply shocks.
To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on all the world’s oil reserves by country.
2026-03-10 20:08:40
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What makes a company one of the best places to work in America?
Each year, Forbes surveys hundreds of thousands of employees across the U.S. to evaluate workplace satisfaction, compensation, culture, and career opportunities.
The results reveal a mix of household-name corporations and mission-driven institutions. In the 2026 ranking, companies like Trader Joe’s, Google, Microsoft, and Nvidia appear among the top large employers, while Toll Brothers and Patagonia lead the midsize category.
This graphic shows the top-ranked large and midsize employers in the U.S., based on the latest data from Forbes.
Here are America’s best employers across companies with 5,000 or more employees:
| Rank | Name | Score | Industry |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Trader Joe's | 100.0 | Consumer Goods |
| 2 | St. Jude Children's Research Hospital |
99.5 | Healthcare |
| 3 | 97.2 | Technology | |
| 4 | Microsoft | 97.1 | Technology |
| 5 | Stanford University | 96.6 | Education |
| 6 | In-N-Out Burger | 94.8 | Consumer Goods |
| 7 | NVIDIA | 94.7 | Technology |
| 8 | American Express | 93.6 | Financials |
| 9 | hoag | 93.3 | Healthcare |
| 10 | Houston Methodist | 93.1 | Healthcare |
| 11 | Carhartt | 92.5 | Consumer Goods |
| 12 | Apple | 92.3 | Technology |
| 13 | Delta Air Lines | 92.2 | Transportation |
| 14 | Washington University in Saint Louis |
92.2 | Education |
| 15 | Adobe | 91.9 | Technology |
| 16 | MD Anderson Cancer Center |
91.6 | Healthcare |
| 17 | Navy Federal Credit Union |
91.5 | Financials |
| 18 | Salesforce | 91.5 | Technology |
| 19 | Boston Scientific | 91.1 | Healthcare |
| 20 | Samsung Electronics | 91.1 | Technology |
With a score of 100, grocery chain Trader Joe’s ranks first nationally, a company known for its high employee satisfaction.
Not only does it offer the potential for wage increases, averaging 7% annually, it also provides health and retirement plans. Along with prioritizing employee development and advancement opportunities, the chain refuses to use self-checkout systems in its stores.
Following next in line are St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Google, and Microsoft.
Nvidia, ranked seventh, fell from fourth place in 2025. According to Glassdoor reviews, 90% of employees would recommend the company to a friend, with the highest scores in corporate values and culture. Among the lowest ratings were in work-life balance.
Overall, technology companies accounted for seven of the top 20 large employers, followed by five in healthcare.
For employers with 1,000 to 5,000 employees, Pennsylvania-based homebuilder Toll Brothers ranked first.
| Rank | Name | Score | Industry |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Toll Brothers | 100.0 | Industrials |
| 2 | Patagonia | 98.5 | Consumer Goods |
| 3 | United Community | 97.1 | Financials |
| 4 | Medical Mutual of Ohio | 95.6 | Financials |
| 5 | Ukpeaġvik Iñupiat Corporation | 95.4 | Industrials |
| 6 | Businessolver | 95.3 | Technology |
| 7 | OPENLANE | 95.0 | Consumer Goods |
| 8 | Spotify Technology | 94.9 | Technology |
| 9 | Green Bay Packaging | 94.6 | Industrials |
| 10 | New York Power Authority | 94.4 | Utilities |
| 11 | Universal Music Group | 94.1 | Consumer Goods |
| 12 | 1st Source Bank | 93.8 | Financials |
| 13 | Vanderbilt University | 93.8 | Education |
| 14 | Milton Hershey School | 93.4 | Education |
| 15 | Maury Regional Medical Center |
93.3 | Healthcare |
| 16 | ITT | 93.1 | Industrials |
| 17 | Epic Games | 93.1 | Technology |
| 18 | ABC Technologies | 93.1 | Industrials |
| 19 | SoFi | 93.0 | Financials |
| 20 | Vizient | 92.9 | Healthcare |
As a Fortune 500 company operating in over 60 markets, Toll Brothers employees report that they are given a significant amount of responsibility, while also reporting that management is ethical and honest.
Patagonia ranks second and is known for its low turnover and emphasis on work-life balance. In addition to offering warehouse employees 15 different schedule options, it also offers on-site childcare and tuition reimbursement.
Financial firms United Community and Medical Mutual of Ohio follow in the rankings, meanwhile, music-streaming platform Spotify Technologies ranks eighth.
As we can see, the best large employers are dominated by the tech and health sectors, yet the top midsize companies represent a more diverse mix of industries—ranging from industrials and consumer goods to financials and education.
To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on revenue per employee in the world’s top 20 companies by sales.
2026-03-10 01:38:34
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This visualization ranks the brands that saw the largest year-over-year declines in brand value among the world’s top 100 brands. From automakers to banks and luxury houses, the list highlights which global giants lost billions in brand value over the past year.
The data for this visualization comes from the 2026 Global 500 report from Brand Finance. The firm evaluates brand value using a combination of marketing investment, brand strength, and financial performance.
Tesla recorded the biggest drop in brand value in the 2026 rankings, dropping roughly $15 billion. The automaker’s brand value fell from about $43 billion in 2025 to roughly $28 billion in 2026.
Ongoing controversies and trust concerns contributed to the decline. Brand perception plays a major role in valuation, and even market leaders can see sharp swings if consumer sentiment shifts.
| Rank | Brand | Sector | 2026 Value ($B) | Change ($B) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tesla | Automobiles | $28B | -$15B |
| 2 | Agricultural Bank of China | Banking | $63B | -$7B |
| 3 | Mercedes-Benz | Automobiles | $47B | -$6B |
| 4 | Porsche | Automobiles | $35B | -$6B |
| 5 | Xfinity | Telecoms | $25B | -$5B |
| 6 | Louis Vuitton | Apparel | $29B | -$4B |
| 7 | Mitsubishi Group | Diversified | $36B | -$4B |
| 8 | Chanel | Apparel | $34B | -$4B |
| 9 | CSCEC | Engineering | $25B | -$3B |
| 10 | CVS | Retail | $25B | -$3B |
Three automotive brands appear in the top five of the rankings: Tesla, Mercedes-Benz, and Porsche. Together, they account for more than $27 billion in combined brand value losses.
The industry is navigating a complex transition toward electric vehicles, while also facing economic uncertainty and supply chain pressures. Luxury automakers like Mercedes-Benz and Porsche continue to maintain strong global reputations, but the data shows that even premium brands are not immune to valuation swings.
Outside of autos, several other sectors also experienced notable brand declines. Agricultural Bank of China (ABC) lost about $7 billion in brand value, the second-largest drop on the list.
China’s decision to cut mortgage rates to support the economy weighed on bank profitability. Because ABC has a large retail and rural loan business, the policy shift had a significant impact on its financial outlook and brand valuation.
Meanwhile, consumer-facing brands such as Louis Vuitton, Chanel, and CVS also saw multi-billion dollar declines.
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Charted: Why U.S. Employers Are Cutting Jobs in 2025 on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
2026-03-09 22:26:45
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Nearly 15 million Americans moved in 2025, with many relocating across state lines in search of lower costs, job opportunities, and warmer climates.
This map shows net migration per 10,000 residents across all 50 states in 2025, revealing where population inflows were strongest and which states saw the biggest outflows. The data comes from HireAHelper.
Southern and Mountain West states dominated the rankings for inbound migration, while several high-cost coastal states continued to lose residents.
The data reflects large-scale shifts happening in the country’s population distribution, both from the Eastern half to the Western half, as well as shifts away from more expensive states to cheaper, often inland ones.
In 2025, the Western half of the U.S. saw a continuation of post-COVID trends as people left behind coastal states like Washington (-10.7) and Oregon (-9.0) in favor of more inland Mountain West states like Wyoming (+26.0), Utah (+7.3), and especially Idaho (+63.2).
The data table below highlights the net migration loss/gain per 10,000 inhabitants in 2025:
| Rank | State | Net migration (per 10,000 residents) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | South Carolina | 79.7 |
| 2 | Idaho | 63.2 |
| 3 | Delaware | 54.5 |
| 4 | Tennessee | 43.6 |
| 5 | Alabama | 36.6 |
| 6 | Maine | 35.7 |
| 7 | Arkansas | 33.3 |
| 8 | North Carolina | 29.2 |
| 9 | Oklahoma | 26.4 |
| 10 | Wyoming | 26 |
| 11 | Montana | 23.4 |
| 12 | Texas | 23 |
| 13 | West Virginia | 19.3 |
| 14 | New Hampshire | 18.8 |
| 15 | Mississippi | 17.9 |
| 16 | Georgia | 13.4 |
| 17 | Minnesota | 12.5 |
| 18 | South Dakota | 9.3 |
| 19 | Utah | 7.3 |
| 20 | Wisconsin | 7.2 |
| 21 | Arizona | 7.1 |
| 22 | Kentucky | 7 |
| 23 | Florida | 6.9 |
| 24 | Nevada | 6.5 |
| 25 | New Mexico | 6 |
| 26 | Indiana | 5.3 |
| 27 | Louisiana | 3 |
| 28 | North Dakota | -0.1 |
| 29 | Vermont | -1.7 |
| 30 | Hawaii | -2.3 |
| 31 | Iowa | -3.3 |
| 32 | Ohio | -4.1 |
| 33 | Colorado | -4.6 |
| 34 | Missouri | -5 |
| 35 | Michigan | -5.5 |
| 36 | Connecticut | -7.9 |
| 37 | Oregon | -9 |
| 38 | Washington | -10.7 |
| 39 | Pennsylvania | -11.1 |
| 40 | Nebraska | -13.3 |
| 41 | Virginia | -13.7 |
| 42 | Rhode Island | -14 |
| 43 | Illinois | -14.5 |
| 44 | Alaska | -16.9 |
| 45 | New Jersey | -17.6 |
| 46 | Kansas | -19.6 |
| 47 | California | -25.1 |
| 48 | Maryland | -27.4 |
| 49 | New York | -28.2 |
| 50 | Massachusetts | -37.9 |
The more populous coastal states, which have long been hubs for key economic sectors like tech and aviation, have seen a number of moves in recent years owing to jobs either relocating or shifting to remote work.
Nowhere on the West Coast saw a bigger drop than California, which saw a net migration loss of -25.1, as nearly 100,000 residents left behind the increasingly unaffordable state in favor of cheaper neighboring states like Nevada, which lacks a state income tax.
California is not alone in losing people over affordability issues. If net migration trends are any indication, other high cost of living states such as New York (-28.2) and Massachusetts (-37.9) also increasingly shed residents.
A majority of the Northeast fared similarly, with all states but Delaware, Maine, and New Hampshire seeing more people leave than arrive in 2025.
And in the immediate region surrounding the nation’s capital, the states of Maryland (-27.4) and Virginia (-13.7) also saw negative net migration, likely reflecting in part the large reduction in the federal workforce seen over the course of the year.
If one region is seeing across-the-board growth, it’s the South, led by states like South Carolina (+79.7), Tennessee (+43.6), and Alabama (+36.6).
Long one of the more economically depressed regions of the country, a combination of lower costs of living and nicer weather has led to rapid growth for southern “Sun Belt” states such as Arkansas and Oklahoma, to say nothing of massive favorites like Texas and the Sunshine State of Florida.
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out The Decline of Housing Affordability in the U.S. on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
