2026-03-23 04:00:34
Odds are, you’ve taken pills before; it’s a statistical certainty that some of you reading this took several this morning. Whenever you do, you’re at the mercy of the manufacturer: you’re trusting that they’ve put in the specific active ingredients in the dosage listed on the package. Alas, given the world we live in, that doesn’t always happen. Double-checking actual concentrations requires expensive lab equipment like gas chromatography. It turns out checking for counterfeit pills is easier than you’d think, thanks to a technique called Disintegration Fingerprinting.
It’s delightfully simple: all you need is a clear plastic cup, a stir plate, and a handful of electronic components — namely, a microcontroller, a servo, and an IR line-following sensor. You’ve probably played with just such a sensor: the cheap ones that are a matched pair of LED and photodetector. It works like this: the plastic cup, filled with water, sits upon the stir plate. To start the device, you turn on the stir plate and actuate the servo to drop the pill in the water. The microcontroller then begins recording the signal from the photo-diode. As the pill breaks up and/or dissolves in the water, the swirling bits are going to reflect light from the IR LED. That reflectance signal over time is the Disintegration Fingerprint (DF), and it’s surprisingly effective at catching fakes according to the authors of the paper linked above. Out of 32 different drug products, the technique worked on 90% of them, and was even able to distinguish between generic and brand-name versions of the same drug.
Of course, you do need a known-good sample to generate a trustworthy fingerprint, and there’s that pesky 10% of products the technique doesn’t work on, but this seems like a great way to add some last-mile QA/QC to the drug distribution chain, particularly in low and middle-income countries where counterfeit drugs are a big problem.
We’ve featured pill-identifiers before, but machine vision is going to be much more easily fooled by counterfeits than this method. If your problem isn’t worrying that your pills are fake, but forgetting to take them, we’ve had projects to help with that, too.
Thanks to [Zorch] for the tip!
2026-03-23 01:00:06
Thermal energy storage is pretty great, as phase-change energy storage is very consistent with its energy output over time, unlike chemical batteries. You also get your pick from a wide range of materials that you can either heat up or cool down to store energy. Here, the selection is mostly dependent on how you wish to use that energy at a later date. [Hyperspace Pirate] is mostly interested in cooling down a house, on account of living in Florida.
As can be seen in the top image, the basic setup is pretty straightforward. PV solar power charges a battery until it’s fully charged. Then an MCU triggers a relay on the AC inverter, which then starts the cooling compressor on the water reservoir. This proceeds to phase change the water from a liquid into ice. The process can later be reversed, which will draw thermal energy out of the surrounding air and thus provide cooling.
Although water is not the most interesting substance to pick for the
thermal energy storage, it can provide 1 kWh of cooling power in 10.8 kg, or 92.8 kWh in a mere m3. This makes it much more compact as well as cheaper than chemical storage using batteries.
After charging the main compressor loop with R600 (N-butane), the system is trialed with a small PV solar array that manages to freeze the entire bucket of water. Courtesy of insulation, it’s kept that way for a few days, giving plenty of time for the separate glycol-filled loop to dump thermal energy into it and push cold air into the surrounding environment. This prototype managed to cool down [Hyperspace Pirate]’s car in just two hours, which is good enough for a proof-of-concept.
2026-03-22 22:00:54
The 8051 was an 8-bit Harvard-architecture microcontroller first put out by Intel in 1980. They’ve since discontinued that line, but it lives on in the low-cost STC8 family of chips, which is especially popular in Asia. They’re cheap as, well, chips — under 1$ — but lack compatibility with modern toolchains. If you’re happy with C, then you’re fine, but if you want to plus-plus it up and use all those handy-dandy shortcuts provided by the Arduino ecosystem, you’re out of luck. Or rather, you were, until [Bùi Trịnh Thế Viên] aka [thevien257] came up with a workaround.
The workaround is delightfully Hack-y. One could, conceivably, port a compiler for Arduino’s Wiring to the 8051, but that’s not what [Viên] did, probably because that would be a lot of work. There isn’t even a truly modern toolchain to put plain C on this chip. Instead, [Viên] started with rv51, a RISC-V emulator written in 8051 assembly language by [cryozap]. RISC-V is a lot easier to work with and, frankly, a more useful skill to build up.
Now emulation does come with a cost: 8kB of flash memory and a 100x to 1000x slowdown in the emulated application code. For that reason, anything timing critical, like interrupts, should probably be handled the old-fashioned way. He’s targeting the STC8H8K64U specifically, so if you happen to have other STC8-based dev boards lying around, you’ll have some extra work ahead of you.
Of course, you can get ultra-cheap microcontrollers that are natively RISC V already– and they’re good enough to act as microcomputers of the era the 8051 hails from, so this hack is likely going to stay fairly niche. Still, if you’re in that niche, teaching an 8051 to speak RISC might be a handy trick to have in your back pocket.
2026-03-22 19:00:24
Although the RTL-SDR is cheap, accessible, and capable enough for many projects, it does have some important limitations. In particular, its bandwidth is limited to about 3.2 MHz, and the price of SDRs tends to scale rapidly with bandwidth. [Anders Nielsen], however, is building a modular SDR with a target price of $50 USD, and has already reached a bandwidth of almost 20 MHz.
If this project looks familiar, it’s because we’ve covered an earlier iteration. At the time, [Anders] had built the PhaseLoom, which filters an incoming signal, mixes it down to baseband, and converts it to I/Q signals. The next stage is the PhaseLatch, a board housing a 20-MHz, 10-bit ADC, which samples the in-phase and quadrature signals and passes them on to a Cypress FX2LP microcontroller development board. [Anders] had previously connected the ADC to a 6502 microprocessor instead of the FX2LP, but this makes it a practical SDR. The FX2LP was a particularly good choice for this project because of its USB 2.0 interface, large buffers for streaming data, and parallel interface. It simply reads the data from the SDR and dumps it to the computer.
The FX2LP didn’t support the ADC’s clock rate, and overclocking the ADC led to issues, so [Anders] connected the ADC to an independent 20 MHz oscillator. The frequency spectrum of the SDR was oddly bell-shaped, which turned out to be due to the limited analogue bandwidth of the PhaseLoom (about 650 kHz) falling behind the digital bandwidth of 20 MHz. The PhaseLoom’s bandwidth seemed to be limited mostly by an amplifier, and decreasing its gain greatly improved matters. The SDR doesn’t yet have a 20 MHz bandwidth according to the normal definition, but it’s close enough to be practical, and further improvements will have to wait on an updated PhaseLoom board.
The Cypress development board used here is surprisingly capable – we’ve previously seen it used to build an SDR GPS decoder. Most of the custom-built SDRs we see don’t focus on technical performance, but do use such interesting components as a tube-based receiver or a custom silicon chip.
2026-03-22 16:00:40
A well-known property of wall warts like power bricks and USB chargers is that they always consume some amount of power even when there’s no connected device drawing power from them. This feels rather wasteful when you have a gaggle of USB chargers constantly plugged in, especially on a nation-sized scale. This is where a new USB-C wall charger by Belkin, the BoostCharger Pro, is interesting, as it claims ‘zero standby power’, which sounds pretty boastful and rather suspect. Fortunately, [Denki Otaku] saw fit to put one to the test and even tear one down to inspect the work of Belkin’s engineers.
Naturally, no laws of physics were harmed in the construction of the device, as ‘zero standby power’ translated from marketing speak simply means ‘very low standby power usage’, or about 3 milliwatt with 0.3 mA at the applied 100 VAC.
Fascinatingly, plugging in an e-marker equipped USB-C cable with no device on the other end caused this standby usage to increase to about 30 mW, clearly disabling the ‘zero standby’ feature. With that detail noted, it was time to tear down the charger, revealing its four PCBs.
The boring answer here is that Belkin didn’t do anything special, but rather followed the Renesas application note for a 65W USB-C adapter with Zero Standby Power:
As can be surmised from the effect of a non-e-marked versus e-marked USB-C cable being inserted, the USB-PD controller IC detects the presence or absence of a cable, and signals the flyback section to mostly shut down. This then leaves a trickle of current for the charger’s ICs as they wait for something to happen. In the (unfortunately restricted) datasheet for the Renesas iW9870 flyback controller IC, we can see this feature described, including how plugging in a USB cable disables the feature.
This feature appears to be somewhat related to how USB power banks work, with them shutting down the outputs if idle, though there are some issues with it backfiring. Some power banks have a ‘trickle charge’ mode where even low amounts of current being drawn doesn’t shut off the output. In the case of this Renesas ‘zero standby power’ feature, it seems to rely on USB cable detection as an equivalent to an active power device.
As noted in the video, this seems to cause issues when inserting an e-marked cable, and some users have reported the charger randomly turning off the output while actively charging from it. Here we’d like to pitch an absolutely bonkers suggestion, and pitch putting a physical on/off switch on the charger – as well as on power banks – rather than try to do more smart guessing.
2026-03-22 13:00:19
We have to admit, we didn’t know that we wanted a desktop electric jellyfish until seeing [likeablob]’s Denki-Kurage, but it’s one of those projects that just fills a need so perfectly. The need being, of course, to have a Bladerunner-inspired electric animal on your desk, as well as having a great simple application for that Cheap Yellow Display (CYD) that you impulse purchased two years ago.
Maybe we’re projecting a little bit, but you should absolutely check this project out if you’re interested in doing anything with one of the CYDs. They are a perfect little experimentation platform, with a touchscreen, an ESP32, USB, and an SD card socket: everything you need to build a fun desktop control panel project that speaks either Bluetooth or WiFi.
We love [likeablob]’s aesthetic here. The wireframe graphics, the retro-cyber fonts in the configuration mode, and even the ability to change the strength of the current that the electric jellyfish is swimming against make this look so cool. And the build couldn’t be much simpler either. Flash the code using an online web flasher, 3D print out the understated frame, screw the CYD in, et voila! Here’s a direct GitHub link if you’re interested in the wireframe graphics routines.
We’ve seen a bunch of other projects with the CYD, mostly of the obvious control-panel variety. But while we’re all for functionality, it’s nice to see some frivolity as well. Have you made a CYD project lately? Let us know!
